Isici sokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo
Ngenxa yobuningi bezinto zesevisi, ukondleka kwezilwane ezifuywayo ngokusobala kuhlukile emfuyweni yendabuko nokudla kwezinkukhu.Inhloso enkulu yemfuyo yesintu kanye nezinkukhu ukuhlinzeka abantu ngemikhiqizo efana nenyama, amaqanda, ubisi noboya, ngenhloso yokugcina yokuthola izinzuzo ezengeziwe zezomnotho.Ngakho-ke, okuphakelayo kwayo ukonga kakhulu, njengesilinganiso sokuguqulwa kokuphakelayo, isilinganiso sokuphakelayo kuya kwesisindo kanye nesilinganiso sokuzuza kwesisindo sosuku.Izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukubhekwa njengamalungu omndeni futhi zingabangane babantu futhi ziduduzeke ngokomzwelo.Enqubweni yokukhulisa izilwane ezifuywayo, abantu banaka kakhulu impilo nokuphila isikhathi eside kwezilwane ezifuywayo, futhi ezomnotho cishe azinakwa.Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo okugxilwe kulo lokuphakelwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo ukuhlinzeka izilwane ezifuywayo ngokudla okunomsoco futhi olinganiselayo, ikakhulukazi ukunikeza zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezifuywayo ngemisebenzi eyisisekelo yokuphila, ukukhula nokukhula okunempilo.Inezinzuzo zezinga eliphezulu lokumunca, ifomula yesayensi, izinga lekhwalithi, ukuphakela okulula nokusetshenziswa, ukuvimbela izifo ezithile nokwelula ukuphila.
Ukudla Kwezilwane Ezifuywayo Kudinga Ucwaningo
Njengamanje, izinja namakati kuseyizilwane ezifuywayo eziyinhloko ezigcinwe emndenini, futhi izinqubo zabo zokugaya ngokusobala zihlukile.Izinja ziyi-omnivores, kanti amakati ayizilwane ezidla inyama.Kodwa futhi babelana ngezici ezifanayo, njengokuntuleka kwe-amylase yamathe kanye nomgudu wamathumbu omfushane ongakwazi ukuhlanganisa uvithamini D.
1. Izidingo zomsoco zezinja
Izinga lezidingo zokudla okunomsoco we-canine elishicilelwe i-Canine Nutrition Committee (CNE), ilungu le-American Association of Feed Supervisors (AAFCO), lamukelwa abakhiqizi abaningi bokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo.esiteji.Izinja ezinempilo zingakwazi ukuhlanganisa uvithamini C emzimbeni, kodwa ezinye izakhamzimba, ezifana novithamini A, uvithamini B1, uvithamini B2, uvithamini B6 novithamini D, kudingeka zengezwe ngumnikazi.Esinye isici sohlelo lokugaya inja ukuthi zingahlanganisa imisoco embalwa ebalulekile, njenge-niacin, i-taurine, ne-arginine.Izinja zinesidingo esikhulu se-calcium, ikakhulukazi imidlwane ekhulayo kanye nezilungwana ezincelisayo, ngakho-ke izidingo zazo zokudla okunomsoco zikhulu kunamakati, futhi azikwazi ukugaya i-fiber.Izinja zinomuzwa obucayi wokuhogela, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa kwama-flavour agents, njengoba amanani amancane, amanani amaningi, noma iphunga elimnandi elivela kuma-metabolites angabangela ukuba benqabe ukudla.
2. Izidingo zokudla okunomsoco zamakati
Endabeni yamakati, angakwazi ukubola futhi asebenzise ama-amino acid njengomthombo wamandla we-gluconeogenesis.Izidlo ezikhulayo kufanele zinikeze amaprotheni anele, kanti amaprotheni angahluziwe (amaprotheni ezilwane) ngokuvamile kufanele adlule ama-22%.Ukudla kwekati kuqukethe amaprotheni angama-52%, amafutha angama-36% kanye nama-carbohydrate angama-12%.
Njengesilwane esingumngane, uboya obucwebezelayo buyinkomba ebalulekile yempilo yekati.Ukudla kufanele kunikeze i-unsaturated fatty acid (i-linoleic acid) engakwazi ukuhlanganiswa noma enganele ngokwanele emzimbeni, kodwa okuqukethwe kwe-unsaturated fatty acid akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzobangela kalula isifo se-cat yellow Fat.Amakati angakwazi ukuhlanganisa i-vitamin K, i-vitamin D, i-vitamin C kanye ne-vitamin B, njll., kodwa ngaphezu kwe-vitamin K ne-vitamin C engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo, zonke ezinye zidinga ukungezwa, okusho ukuthi ukudla kwemifino akukwazi ukunikeza okwanele. vitamin A.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakati adinga inani elikhulu likavithamini E kanye ne-taurine, futhi i-vitamin A eningi ingaholela ebuthi bayo.Amakati azwela ukuntula kwe-vitamin E, futhi amazinga aphansi kavithamini E angabangela ukukhubazeka kwemisipha.Ngenxa yobuningi bama-acids angagcwalisiwe ekudleni kwamakati, isidingo sikavithamini E sikhulu, futhi okunconywayo okungeziwe ngu-30 IU/kg.Ucwaningo lwe-Haves lukholelwa ukuthi ukushoda kwe-taurine kuzobambezela ukuvuthwa kanye nokuwohloka kwezicubu zezinzwa zekati, ezigqame kakhulu ku-retina yenhlamvu yeso.Ukudla kwamakati ngokuvamile kwengeza u-0.1 (okomile) kuya ku-0.2 (okusemathinini) g/kg.Ngakho-ke, izinto ezingavuthiwe zokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo ikakhulukazi inyama entsha kanye nezinsalela zezilwane ezihlatshiwe noma ukudla kwenyama kanye nezinhlamvu, ezihluke kakhulu ezintweni ezingavuthiwe (ummbila, ubhontshisi wesoya, impuphu kakotini kanye nembewu ye-rapeseed, njll.) esetshenziswa emfuyweni yendabuko nasezinkukhuni. okuphakelayo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kokudla kwesilwane esifuywayo
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla kwemfuyo yendabuko kanye nezinkukhu ngesakhiwo somkhiqizo owodwa, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ezifana nokudla komuntu.I-calcium, amavithamini namaprotheni nezinye izakhamzimba), ukudla okulula (okusemathinini, amaphakethe amasha, amapheshana enyama kanye nama-jerky amakati nezinja, njll.) kanye nokudla okunikezwe udokotela, ngisho nokudla okujabulisayo njengokuhlafunwayo.
Abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo baya ngokuya benesithakazelo ekudleni okungokwemvelo okuqukethe izithako ezinempilo (ama-oats, ibhali, njll.), okunganciphisa ingozi yokukhuluphala futhi kuvimbele isifo sikashukela, futhi ukudla okuphezulu okusanhlamvu kuhlotshaniswa namazinga aphansi e-insulin yokuzila ukudla.Ukwengeza, ukuthuthukiswa kokuphakela kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana nezinkomba ezidingekayo zokudla okunomsoco, kunaka kakhulu ukunambitheka kokuphakelayo, okungukuthi, ukunambitheka.
Ukucubungula ubuchwepheshe bokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo
Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo buyinhlanganisela yokukhiqiza nokulungisa ubuchwepheshe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ukudla.Ubuchwepheshe bokucutshungulwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphakela kwezilwane ezifuywayo buhlukile, kodwa ubunjiniyela bokucutshungulwa kokunye ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo ngaphandle kokudla okusemathinini ngokuyisisekelo busebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhipha imali.Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-extrusion ingathuthukisa izinga le-gelatinization yesitashi, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise ukumuncwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesitashi ngepheshana lamathumbu esilwane esifuywayo.Ngenxa yokushoda kwezithako zokuphakelayo zendabuko, ukusetshenziswa kwezithako zokudla ezingajwayelekile ezikhona kungathuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-extrusion.Imikhakha ehlukene yesistimu yokudla, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza, ukuguqulwa (ukucubungula, ukupakishwa, nokulebula), ukusatshalaliswa (okuthengisiwe, ukugcinwa kwempahla, nokokuthutha), ngaphakathi nangaphandle (ukuthengisa, isevisi yokudla yesikhungo, nezinhlelo zokudla eziphuthumayo), kanye nokusetshenziswa (ukulungiselela kanye nemiphumela yezempilo).
Ukudla kwesilwane esifuywayo esimanzi kancane kuvame ukukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa inqubo yokukhipha efana kakhulu nokukhiqizwa kokudla okukhukhumele okomile, kodwa kunomehluko omkhulu ngenxa yomehluko ekwakhekeni, ngemikhiqizo yenyama noma yenyama evame ukungezwa ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwe-Slurry, umthamo wamanzi ungama-25% ~ 35%.Imingcele eyisisekelo enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukudla okuthambile ngokuyisisekelo iyafana naleyo yokudla okomile okukhukhumele, kodwa ukwakheka kwempahla eluhlaza kuseduze nokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezisamanzi, kanti okuqukethwe kwamanzi kunga-27% ~ 32%.Uma kuhlanganiswe nokudla okukhukhumele okomile kanye nokudla okumanzi kancane, ukudla kungathuthukiswa.Ukunambitheka kudume kakhulu kubanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo.Ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezibhakiwe kanye nezibiliboco - ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngezindlela zendabuko, ezihlanganisa ukwenza inhlama, ukusika noma ukugxiviza, nokubhaka kuhhavini.Imikhiqizo ngokuvamile ibunjwa ibe amathambo noma ezinye izimo ukuze ikhange abathengi, kodwa eminyakeni yamuva nje ukuphatha kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuye kwenziwa futhi nge-extrusion, kwenziwa ukudla okomile noma ukudla okungamanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-08-2022